Kultura hrvatske emigracije

Hrvatska politička emigracija od 1945. do 1990. godine producirala je znatan broj novina i časopisa. S obzirom na razloge napuštanja Hrvatske, odnosno Jugoslavije, u većini takvih tiskovina dominirale su političke teme. Međutim, dio emigrantskih novina i časopisa poklanjao je pozornost i temama iz kulture. Među njima je bio i časopis Poruka slobodne Hrvatske, koji je izlazio od 1978. do 1984. godine.

Osobe koje su ga pokrenule pripadale su mlađim naraštajima hrvatske političke emigracije, a koje su do pokretanja spomenutoga lista uređivale i ispunjavale jedan od najpopularnijih i najkvalitetnijih časopisa hrvatskih političkih emigranta – londonsku Novu Hrvatsku. Radilo se o Vladimiru Pavliniću, Branku Salaju, Tihomilu Rađi i Gojku Boriću. Časopis je počeo izlaziti u Londonu u Ujedinjenom Kraljevstvu, a s izlaženjem je nastavio u gradu Jönköpingu u Švedskoj.

Govoreći o kulturi, uredništvo (glavni urednik bio je Pavlinić, a tri preostale spomenute osobe bile su članovi uredničkog odbora) i suradnici nastojali su pratiti i komentirati kako kulturna zbivanja u zemlji, tako i ona u hrvatskome iseljeništvu. U većini slučajeva radilo se o prikazima knjiga.

Kada je riječ o autorima iz Hrvatske, posebno se pratilo one koji su na uvijen način kritizirali narav jugoslavenskog komunističkog režima, kako s hrvatske nacionalne osnove, tako i s antitotalitarne, demokratske, humanističke. Stoga se može reći kako je uredništvo smatralo da se i na polju kulture može voditi borba za samostalnu i demokratsku hrvatsku državu.

Od druge polovice 1970-ih u međublokovskim odnosima jedno od važnih pitanja bilo je poštovanje ljudskih prava. S obzirom na to kako su komunističku Jugoslaviju, svaki iz svojih interesa, podupirala oba hladnoratovska bloka, stavljanje naglaska na humanističku notu, pored one hrvatske nacionalne, moglo je imati više učinka u borbi hrvatskih političkih emigranata protiv jugoslavenskoga komunističkog režima. Tu je u obzir itekako dolazilo pravo na slobodu izražavanja u umjetnosti.

Pored književnosti, pisalo se i o slikarstvu, kiparstvu, kulturnoj baštini, glazbi, filmu i kazališnim komadima. Što se tiče hrvatske emigracije, najviše se pisalo o novoizdanim knjigama, ali i nastupima hrvatskih emigrantskih izdavača na poznatom godišnjem sajmu knjiga u Frankfurtu.

Časopis je promovirao izdavanje i čitanje knjiga, posebno o Hrvatskoj i njenoj recentnoj povijesti, i na hrvatskome, i na stranim jezicima. Upoznavanje s hrvatskom kulturnom baštinom, kao i suvremenim produktima raznih grana umjetnosti u Hrvatskoj i hrvatskome iseljeništvu bilo je za uredništvo časopisa važan oblik očuvanja hrvatskog nacionalnog identiteta i manifestacija želje za samostalnom hrvatskom državom.

EN

Croatian political emigration in the period from 1945 to 1990 published a significant number of newspapers and magazines. Considering that they left Croatia, ie. Yugoslavia for political reasons, political issues dominated in the most such publications. However, part of the émigré’s newspapers and magazines also paid attention to cultural topics. Among them was the magazine Poruka slobodne Hrvatske (Message of free Croatia), which was published from 1978 to 1984. The people who started it were part of the younger generation of Croatian political emigrants. Previously, they were editing and writing for one of the most popular and highest quality magazines produced by Croatian political emigrants – London’s Nova Hrvatska (New Croatia). They were Vladimir Pavlinić, Branko Salaj, Tihomil Rađa and Gojko Borić. The magazine began publishing in London, UK, and continued in the city of Jönköping in Sweden.

Speaking about culture, the editorial board (the editor-in-chief was Pavlinić, and the other three mentioned people were members of the editorial board) and associates tried to follow and comment on cultural events both in Croatia and those in the Croatian diaspora. In most cases, book reviews were published. When it comes to authors from Croatia, special attention was paid to those who indirectly criticized the Yugoslav communist regime, which was portrayed as totalitarian, anti-democratic and anti-humanistic, but also anti-Croatian. Therefore, the editorial board believed that a struggle for an independent and democratic Croatian state can be waged in the field of culture as well. Since the second half of the 1970s, one of the important issues in the relations between two Cold War blocs, West and East, has been the respect of basic human rights. Both democratic West and communist East, each having its own reasons, supported communist Yugoslavia, simultaneously ignoring the desire of a part of the Croatian nation to consume the internationally recognized right to self-determination. By emphasizing the humanistic note of their struggle, by fighting for the respect of the human rights of the persecuted Croats, Croatian émigré could have had more success in the battle against the Yugoslav communist regime. One of the basic human rights was the right to freedom of speech, to freedom of expression, including through art and especially literature.

In addition to literature, but the historiography as well, the magazine brought articles on painting, sculpture, cultural heritage, music, film, and plays. Regarding the cultural activities of the Croatian diaspora most attention was paid to newly published books, but also to the appearances of Croatian émigré publishers at the famous annual book fair in the city of Frankfurt. The magazine promoted the publishing and reading books, especially about Croatia and its recent history, both in Croatian and in other languages. Writing about Croatian cultural heritage, as well as contemporary products of various branches of art in Croatia and Croatian diaspora, was an important form of preserving the Croatian national identity and a manifestation of the desire for an independent Croatian state.

Ključne riječi #hrvatska politička emigracija #Nova Hrvatska #Poruka slobodne Hrvatske